Nevada State Board of Cosmetology Practice Exam

In the context of perming, a neutralizer is used to stop the chemical process that creates curls in the hair. When hair is permed, a chemical solution is applied to alter the structure of the hair fibers, allowing them to take on a new shape. The neutralizer plays a crucial role by halting this chemical action, which helps set the new curl pattern.

The neutralizer works by restoring the hair's pH balance after it has been changed by the perm solution. It typically contains ingredients that bond the hair’s protein structure in its new curly form, effectively 'locking in' the curls and preventing them from reverting back to their original straight state. This step is vital for ensuring that the perm lasts and that the curls maintain their defined shape after the treatment is complete.

While the other choices mention functions like enhancing curl definition, removing excess product, or moisturizing the hair, these do not accurately describe the primary function of a neutralizer in the perming process; rather, they reflect other aspects of hair care that are not directly related to the chemical changes caused by perming.